According to a resolution by the United Nations General Assembly, April 2nd is observed as World Autism Awareness Day, aimed at raising awareness and improving understanding, acceptance, and inclusion of people with autism in society. Every person with autism is unique and has their own specific characteristics and needs. Understanding autism is crucial for providing support and creating an inclusive society.
The abilities and needs of people with autism vary and can change over time. Some individuals with autism have extraordinary talents and abilities, while others may face difficulties with communication or processing sensory stimuli. Some can live independently, while others have severe disabilities requiring lifelong care and support.
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that typically appears before the age of three. It affects the normal development of the brain in areas of social interaction, communication skills, and cognitive functions. Autism often impacts educational and employment opportunities. Attitudes of society and the level of support provided by local, entity, and state authorities are important factors determining the quality of life for people with autism.
It is estimated that worldwide, 1 in 100 children has autism (World Health Organization). However, some studies report significantly higher numbers (1 in 36). A wide range of interventions, from early childhood throughout life, can optimize development, health, well-being, and quality of life for individuals with autism. It is important that, once autism is diagnosed, children, youth, and adults with autism, along with their parents, guardians, and caregivers, receive relevant information, services, guidance, and practical support according to their individual and changing needs. Cooperation between the healthcare sector and other sectors, especially education, employment, and social protection, is very important. Interventions for people with autism and other developmental disorders should be designed and implemented with the participation of those living with these conditions. Care should be accompanied by community and societal actions to increase accessibility, inclusivity, and support.
People with autism are often subject to stigma and discrimination, including unfair denial of healthcare, education, and opportunities for engagement and participation in their communities. Therefore, it is important to work towards creating an inclusive society where people with autism are accepted and have the opportunity to realize their potential. Support for people with autism can include adapting the environment, understanding individual needs, providing structured routines, and offering support in developing social skills.
Significant Facts About Autism
- Boys are almost 5 times more likely to be diagnosed with autism than girls;
- Autism knows no boundaries – it affects all nationalities, races, religions, and genders;
- Early diagnosis and intervention are key to improving life outcomes for children with autism;
- Autism is the fastest-growing developmental disorder;
- About 40% of children with autism do not speak;
- Autism is a lifelong condition, but with specialized, individualized services and opportunities for supported inclusion, people with autism can learn and develop new skills;
- Hyperlexia (a syndrome characterized by a child’s extraordinary ability to read, often before the age of five, without prior formal reading instruction) often accompanies autism spectrum disorder;
- Individuals with autism spectrum disorder can be very creative and easily find passion and talent in music, theater, art, dance, and singing;
- Many individuals with autism spectrum disorder live and work successfully, contributing to the well-being of others in their local communities. Therefore, it is very important to provide appropriate services during the child’s educational years.
Not only by observing this day, but through our continuous actions in the communities where we live, we can work to create a better environment for all members regardless of their individual characteristics and abilities. Through inclusion, understanding, and joint action, we can ensure that children, youth, and adults with autism have access to the education, employment, and social activities they deserve.
